國家對冷庫涉氨企業要求嚴格,這其實是對氨用冷庫的使用操作的一個嚴格規范,但有些企業為了避免麻煩而選擇冷庫改造氨改氟,根據制冷專家認為,氟制冷是較適合于小型冷庫,大中型冷庫使用氨制冷較長遠。小型冷庫氨(an)改氟也是可行的,下面專家針對(dui)不(bu)同原氨(an)制冷系統(tong)特點、建(jian)筑結(jie)構、保溫特點、使用要求等提供四種改造方案供參考:
第一種:原(yuan)氨(an)制(zhi)(zhi)冷系統改(gai)成(cheng)(cheng)氟用(yong)(yong)桶泵供液制(zhi)(zhi)冷系統,采用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)冷庫(ku)(ku)載冷劑, 適用(yong)(yong)于各類螺旋(xuan)速凍(dong)機、隧道式(shi)單(dan)凍(dong)機、風冷型速凍(dong)庫(ku)(ku)等(deng)制(zhi)(zhi)冷系統,或將(jiang)原(yuan)氨(an)冷庫(ku)(ku)排(pai)管(guan)更換成(cheng)(cheng)氟用(yong)(yong)排(pai)管(guan)系統,冷庫(ku)(ku)改(gai)造后的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)冷系統具有能效比高、系統穩(wen)定、管(guan)理方便等(deng)特點。
第二種:原(yuan)(yuan)氨制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系(xi)統改造(zao)成(cheng)氟制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)滿液(ye)式供液(ye)乙二醇系(xi)統 保留原(yuan)(yuan)室內(nei)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器,如庫(ku)內(nei)吊頂排管、速(su)凍擱架、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)風機、制(zhi)冰系(xi)統中的(de)螺旋蒸(zheng)發(fa)管等換(huan)(huan)熱(re)蒸(zheng)發(fa)器設備,只(zhi)是將(jiang)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凍機組主(zhu)機更(geng)換(huan)(huan)成(cheng)我公司的(de)專(zhuan)用制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)機組;制(zhi)取低溫(wen)載冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)輸送(song)至(zhi)室內(nei)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器進(jin)(jin)行換(huan)(huan)熱(re),從而達到設定溫(wen)度。具有施工(gong)簡單、改成(cheng)周期(qi)短、管路方便(bian)、成(cheng)本(ben)低等特點(dian)。溫(wen)度范(fan)圍(wei)可(ke)在+15℃至(zhi)-150℃進(jin)(jin)行。采用載冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)間接(jie)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng),不(bu)存(cun)在直接(jie)蒸(zheng)發(fa)系(xi)統中回(hui)油難(nan)、制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑(ji)容易泄漏(lou)、漏(lou)點(dian)難(nan)檢(jian)測、分液(ye)不(bu)均勻等難(nan)題;只(zhi)需對(dui)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)主(zhu)機做定期(qi)保養(yang)即可(ke),故(gu)障率低、維(wei)修費(fei)用省。 設備可(ke)根據(ju)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)庫(ku)實際負荷實現25%~100%進(jin)(jin)行能量調(diao)節或高效變頻節能條(tiao)件(jian),同時通(tong)過冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凍泵供液(ye),不(bu)存(cun)在壓力損失、冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)量損失、參數難(nan)于控(kong)制(zhi)等問(wen)題;其可(ke)控(kong)性強(qiang);故(gu)綜合能效比高。
第(di)三種(zhong):原氨制冷(leng)(leng)系統改成以(yi)氨系統為(wei)冷(leng)(leng)源(yuan)專用冷(leng)(leng)凍液進末端系統 保持原先(xian)的冷(leng)(leng)源(yuan)不變,通過(guo)增加(jia)臥式(shi)蒸(zheng)發器加(jia)乙二醇水泵供到末端冷(leng)(leng)風機(ji)。這(zhe)種(zhong)也是目前最(zui)實(shi)惠一種(zhong)改造方案。
第四種:原氨(an)制冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)(tong)改成小(xiao)型(xing)風冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氟(fu)利昂(ang)制冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)(tong),有些氨(an)系統(tong)(tong)用的車間(jian)空調(diao)和(he)小(xiao)型(xing)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)庫,冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)庫改造的風冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氟(fu)利昂(ang)制冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)(tong),制冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)(tong)簡單,故(gu)障率(lv)低(di),各個系統(tong)(tong)相(xiang)互(hu)對立(li),節能效果(guo)明顯。 |